Kyphosis is the rounding of the upper spine when viewed from the side. It will often look like “rounded shoulders” or a “humpback.” Lordosis is the inward curve seen in the lower back. It is referred to as “swayback.” It is normal to have some kyphosis in the upper spine and some lordosis in the lower spine. Problems may arise, however, when curvature becomes excessive.

Many adolescents have a flexible type of kyphosis, which may simply look like poor posture. This type of kyphosis corrects easily with back extension and is referred to as adolescent round back. It can usually be treated with a program of exercises to stretch the chest muscles and strengthen the back muscles.

There is a second type of childhood kyphosis, which is more severe than adolescent round back. This kyphosis is larger and stiffer, and is sometimes painful. It does not flatten easily like adolescent round back and becomes much more noticeable when the patient bends forward. This is known as Scheuermann’s Kyphosis or Scheuermann’s Disease. Left untreated, it may progress and can become quite severe.

Treatment of Scheuermann’s Kyphosis depends on the severity of the kyphosis and the age of the patient. It can range from a simple exercise program in mild cases to bracing or even surgery in severe cases.